Cleat Hitch Knot

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In order to secure the boat to a dock or secure a line to the boat you will probably use the cleat hitch.

  1. Take the line to the ear of the cleat furthest from where the line comes from the boat (or load).
  2. Take one wrap around the base of the cleat and then start a figure eight across the top of the opposite ear.
  3. Finish with a half hitch turned under so that the line is coming away from the cleat in the opposite direction from which it came in.

Boat Launching Etiquette

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  1. Prior to backing down the ramp have everything that needs to be transferred from the tow vehicle placed in the boat. Trailer boaters who wait until their vessel is in the water cause delays and get nasty stares.
  2. Concrete and fiberglass don’t mix. Unhook the boat from the winch after the vessel is in the water, not before. Once your boat is splashed, have your crew secure it to the dock while you park your tow vehicle and trailer, leaving the ramp open for the next launch.
  3. Don’t make others wait while you’re having a discussion with your crew on where to go or else those waiting in line behind you will happily offer suggestions.
  4. Offer assistance if someone needs help. If you have never backed down a ramp, practice in a large parking lot prior to launching.
  5. If you’re on the ramp and would like help, be succinct. This is not the time to ask questions about bleeding the brakes or to debate the advantages of bias ply tires.
  6. Trailer parking spaces are for tow vehicles and trailers only. Guests should park elsewhere.
  7. Get into a routine at the ramp and use a checklist. It will make your life easier.
  8. When returning to a ramp, drop off the person who will get the tow vehicle and trailer from the parking lot first and wait for them in an out-of-the-way location while they retrieve the vehicle.
  9. Once the boat is on the trailer, secure safety chain to the bow eye and move up the ramp. Secure the remaining tie downs and transfer stuff back to the tow vehicle when you get to the parking lot – not on the ramp.
  10. If you’d like to talk to other boaters about launch ramp etiquette, your experiences at boat ramps or other boating related issues, go to the messages boards at BoatUS.com.

10 Beginner Sailing Terms Everyone Should Know

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While our glossary page provides a comprehensive list of boating terms, we’ve also compiled this short list of 10 beginner sailing terms that everyone should know. If you’re just learning how to sail, these handy terms can provide a helpful overview of sailing basics you need to become familiar with.

  1. Aft – The back of a ship. If something is located aft, it is at the back of the sailboat. The aft is also known as the stern.
  1. Bow – The front of the ship is called the bow. Knowing the location of the bow is important for defining two of the other most common sailing terms: port (left of the bow) and starboard (right of the bow).
  1. Port – Port is always the left-hand side of the boat when you are facing the bow. Because “right” and “left” can become confusing sailing terms when used out in the open waters, port is used to define the left-hand side of the boat as it relates to the bow, or front.
  1. Starboard – Starboard is always the right-hand side of the boat when you are facing the bow. Because “right” and “left” can become confusing sailing terms when used out in the open waters, starboard is used to define the right-hand side of the boat as it relates to the bow, or front.
  1. Leeward – Also known as lee, leeward is the direction opposite to the way the wind is currently blowing (windward).
  1. Windward – The direction in which the wind is currently blowing. Windward is the opposite of leeward (the opposite direction of the wind). Sailboats tend to move with the wind, making the windward direction an important sailing term to know.
  1. Boom – The boom is the horizontal pole which extends from the bottom of the mast. Adjusting the boom towards the direction of the wind is how the sailboat is able to harness wind power in order to move forward or backwards.
  1. Rudder – Located beneath the boat, the rudder is a flat piece of wood, fiberglass, or metal that is used to steer the ship. Larger sailboats control the rudder via a wheel, while smaller sailboats will have a steering mechanism directly aft.
  1. Tacking – The opposite of jibing, this basic sailing maneuver refers to turning the bow of the boat through the wind so that the wind changes from one side of the boat to the other side. The boom of a boat will always shift from one side to the other when performing a tack or a jibe.
  1. Jibing – The opposite of tacking, this basic sailing maneuver refers to turning the stern of the boat through the wind so that the wind changes from one side of the boat to the other side. The boom of a boat will always shift from one side to the other when performing a tack or a jibe. Jibing is a less common technique than tacking, since it involves turning a boat directly into the wind.

Turning with a skier

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When turning with a skier on the back you must remember less experienced skiers or boarders cannot control where they are going and can easily reach speeds twice that of what the boat is going. This is commonly known as the “whip”, which can be great fun to watch for those in the boat, but can be terrifying and off-putting for the new skier out the back.

As a driver you can slow down so the boat is not going as fast (even to the extent that you are off the plain). Also if you have enough room you can widen your turning radius. Both these techniques will grub speed off the poor joker out the back dropping nuggets out his boardies!

Again, if the skier is caught on the inside of the turn he will be sinking, so again widen your turn so you don’t put them further inside you causing them to sink further. Secondly speed up to get them “out of the hole” so to speak. Just remember, not too much gas that you end up sending them at sonic speed across onto the outside of the turn because that never ends pretty.

Towing Speed and Fuel Economy

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Safety isn’t the only good reason to slow down. Your wallet will appreciate it, too. According to the EPA, tests designed to imitate highway driving reveal that 54 percent of a tow vehicle’s engine power is used to overcome aerodynamic drag. If you drive faster, the engine has to work even harder to push through the air, and it consumes more fuel doing so. A good example of how drag affects fuel economy is a truck that has an 18-mpg highway EPA number, which is based roughly on 65-mph speeds. Drive 70 and drag causes that fuel economy to fall about 1.5 mpg. Run at 75 and your mileage could drop another 1.5 mpg.

Put a trailer on the hitch ball and now fuel economy and drag play a bigger role. When the gross weight of the trailer is more than half the weight of the tow vehicle, the added weight and surface area moving through the wind can easily reduce your tow vehicle’s fuel economy by 40 percent. As trailer weight goes up, fuel economy drops even further. If your tow vehicle gets 17 mpg at 70 mph in everyday use, it may get only 12 mpg with a small travel trailer or tow hauler in tow. Slow down to 60 mph and that mileage could easily jump two mpg.

Precautions to Take When Boating In A Storm

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IF A STORM IS NEAR…

  • Reduce speed and proceed with caution
  • Put on PFDs.
  • Close all hatches and ports.
  • Head for the nearest shore that is safe to approach and duck into the lee of land.
  • Put the bow into the wind and take waves at about a 40-45 degree angle.
  • Watch for other boats and floating debris.
  • Pump out bilges and keep dry.
  • Change to a full fuel tank.
  • If there is lightning, unplug electrical equipment and keep away from ungrounded metal objects.
  • Secure loose items which could be tossed about.
  • Keep everyone low in the boat and near the centerline.

Knots: Anchor Hitch

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The Anchor Hitch is a great knot for conditions that alternate between loaded and unloaded such as an anchor rode or where the end of a line might be flapping around.

The Anchor Hitch is a bit more difficult to tie and remember than the old standby the Round Turn and Two Half Hitches. However the Anchor Hitch is more secure.

The end of the line passing under the Round Turn makes the knot very secure since the harder the knot is loaded the tighter the end is held.

Some climbers are using the Anchor Hitch in place of the Buntline Hitch, they found they were not tying the Buntline Hitch correctly when in odd twisted positions.